ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP BEDAH DI RSUD RAJA AHMAD TABIB

Authors

  • Dina Mulyana Syafitri RSUD Raja Ahmad Tabib Kepulauan Riau, Tanjung Pinang
  • Yerlina RSUD Raja Ahmad Tabib Kepulauan Riau, Tanjung Pinang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v13i1.1897

Keywords:

Antibiotik, DDD/100 hari rawat, pasien bedah, DU 90%, AWaRe

Abstract

Penyakit infeksi termasuk dalam sepuluh besar penyakit terbanyak di Indonesia. Tingginya mortalitas dan morbiditas akibat penyakit infeksi salah satunya disebabkan oleh ketidaktepatan penggunaan antibiotik. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak bijak dapat memicu timbulnya masalah resistensi. Hubungan resistensi antibiotik tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan ketepatan penggunaan antibiotik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif analitik yang dilakukan secara retrospektif pada pasien rawat inap bedah di RSUD Raja Ahmad Tabib Provinsi Kepulauan Riau periode Januari – Agustus 2022, dengan tujuan untuk melihat gambaran dan memonitoring penggunaan antibiotik secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode ATC/DDD, menentukan antibiotik Drug Utilization (DU) 90% serta menentukan persentase total konsumsi antibiotik (DDD) berdasarkan kategori AWaRe (access,  watch, reserve). Sampel diambil secara total sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 545 pasien pada rawat inap bedah yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan metode ATC/DDD. Dari 545 pasien, 85,87% mendapatkan terapi antibiotik, dan 14,13% tidak mendapatkan terapi antibiotik. Hasil penilitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai DDD/100 hari rawat tertinggi yaitu Ceftriaxon sebanyak 37,04, diikuti Metronidazol 13,13 dan Cefazolin 7,75. Antibiotik yang termasuk segmen DU 90% yaitu Ceftriaxone, Metronidazol, Cefazolin, Levofloxacin, Meropenem, Ceftazidim, Ampicillin sulbaktam, Cefixim, Cefotaxim dan Isoniazid. Penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap bedah berdasarkan pengelompokan AWaRe  dengan hasil kelompok access 32,59%, watch 62,92%, reserve 4,49%.

Infectious diseases are included in the top ten most common diseases in Indonesia. One of the reasons for the high mortality and morbidity due to infectious diseases is the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Unwise use of antibiotics can trigger resistance problems. The relationship between antibiotic resistance cannot be separated from the appropriate use of antibiotics. This research is a descriptive analytical study conducted retrospectively on surgical inpatients at Raja Ahmad Tabib General Hospital, Riau Islands Province for the period January – August 2022, with the aim of reviewing and monitoring the use of antibiotics quantitatively using the ATC/DDD method, determining antibiotic Drug Utilization (DU) 90% and the percentage of total antibiotic consumption (DDD) based on the AWaRe category (access, watch, reserve). Samples were taken by total sampling, with a total sample of 545 patients in surgical inpatients who were then analyzed using the ATC/DDD method. Of the 545 patients, 85.87% received antibiotic therapy, and 14.13% did not receive antibiotic therapy. The results of the study showed that the highest DDD/100 patient days was Ceftriaxon 37.04, followed by Metronidazole 13.13 and Cefazolin 7.75. Antibiotics included in the 90% DU segment are Ceftriaxone, Metronidazole, Cefazolin, Levofloxacin, Meropenem, Ceftazidime, Ampicillin sulbactam, Cefixime, Cefotaxime and Isoniazid. The use of antibiotics in surgical inpatients is based on the AWaRe grouping with results for the access group 32.59%, watch 62.92%, reserve 4.49%.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abu-Ajaleh, S., Darwish Elhajji, F., Al-Bsoul, S., Abu Farha, R., Al-Hammouri, F., Amer, A., Al Rusasi, A., Al-Azzam, S., Araydah, M. and Aldeyab, M. A. 2023. An Evaluation of the Impact of Increasing the Awareness of the WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) Antibiotics Classification on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Hospital Antibiotic Prescribing Practices. Antibiotics, 12(6): 951.

Azyenela, L., Tobat, S. R. and Selvia, L. 2022. Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik di Instalasi Rawat Inap Bedah RSUD M. Natsir Kota Solok Tahun 2020. Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia, 8(1): 1–10.

Batlle, M., Badia, J.M., Hernández, S., Grau, S., Padulles, A., Boix-Palop, L., Giménez-Pérez, M., Ferrer, R., Calbo, E., Limón, E. and Pujol, M. 2023. Reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy in surgical patients through a specific nationwide antimicrobial stewardship program. A prospective, interventional cohort study. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 62(5): 106943.

Drugbank. 2023. Cefazolin (online). (https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01327, diakses 26 Oktober 2023).

Drugbank. 2023. Ceftriaxone (online). (https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01212, diakses 26 Oktober 2023).

Gallagher, J. C. and MacDougall, C. 2022. Antibiotics simplified. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Ibrahim, A. M., Widyati, W. and Prasetyadi, F.O. 2020. Analisis kualitatif penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rujukan dengan metode analisis alur Gyssen di RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana), 3(2): 8-95.

Karsana, R. 2022. Kementrian Kesehatan Dirjen Pelayanan Kesehatan. (https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/963/klasifikasi-aware-who-untuk-antibiotik, diakses 16 November 2023).

Kemenkes RI. 2015. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 tentang Program Pengendalian Resistensi Antimikroba di Rumah Sakit.

Kemenkes RI. 2017. Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran Tata Laksana Sepsis. Kemenkes, 1: 43.

Kemenkes RI. 2021. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 tentang Pedoman Penggunaan Antibiotik.

Mahmudah, F., Sumiwi, S. A. and Hartini, S. 2016. Study of the Use of Antibiotics with ATC/DDD

System and DU 90% in Digestive Surgery in Hospital in Bandung. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 5(4): 293-98.

Melander, R. J., Zurawski, D. V. and Melander, C. 2018. Narrow-spectrum antibacterial agents. Medchemcomm, 9(1): 12-21.

Nisak, N. A., Yulia, R., Hartono, R. and Herawati, F. 2022. Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Bedah Bersih Terkontaminasi di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Surabaya. Jurnal Pharmascience, 9(1): 1-10.

Panu, N. I., Pani, S. and Supu, R. D. 2021. Evaluation of the Use of Antibiotics Using the ATC/DDD Method in Post-Surgery Patients at the Inpatient Installation of dr. Hospital. Zainal Umar Sidiki. Journal of Health, Technology and Science (JHTS), 2(3): 63-72.

PPRA RSUD Raja Ahmad Tabib. 2023. Laporan Tahunan PPRA RSUD Raja Ahmad Tabib tahun 2022, Laporan, Tanjungpinang.

Pratama, N.Y., Suprapti, B., Ardhiansyah, A.O. and Shinta, D.W. 2019. Analisis penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap bedah dengan menggunakan defined daily dose dan drug utilization 90% di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 8(4): 256.

Qibtiyah, M., Wahyuhadi, J. and Khotib, J. 2023. The impact of antimicrobial stewardship on reserve antibiotic use and procuring cost. Pharmacy Education, 23(4): 149-153.

Rokhani, R., Ulfa, M., Narulita, L., Akram, M. and Sumarno, S. 2021. Analisis Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Bedah di RSUD dr Slamet Martodirjo Pamekasan dengan Metode ATC/DDD. Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy, 5(2): 176-184.

Ullah, H. and Ali, S. 2017. Classification of anti-bacterial agents and their functions. Antibacterial agents, 10: 1-16.

WHO. 2020. Antibiotic resistance. (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance, diakses 1 Maret 2023).

WHO. 2022. The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book. Geneva: World Health Organization, 5.

Zanichelli, V., Sharland, M., Cappello, B., Moja, L., Getahun, H., Pessoa-Silva, C., Sati, H., van Weezenbeek, C., Balkhy, H., Simão, M., Gandra, S., and Huttner, B. 2023. The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book and prevention of antimicrobial resistance. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 101(4): 290-296.

Downloads

Published

30-06-2024

How to Cite

Syafitri, D. M., & Yerlina. (2024). ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP BEDAH DI RSUD RAJA AHMAD TABIB . Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia, 13(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v13i1.1897

Issue

Section

Articles