PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU SWAMEDIKASI MAHASISWA FARMASI UNIVERSITAS X KOTA KUPANG

Abstract

Secara global, praktik swamedikasi lebih sering ditemukan di negara berkembang dibandingkan negara maju. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, antara lain urgensi kondisi kesehatan, keterbatasan waktu, jarak rumah ke fasilitas kesehatan yang jauh, serta kemudahan akses terhadap obat-obatan. Hasil studi sistematik review dan meta-analisis melaporkan bahwa prevalensi swamedikasi di kalangan mahasiswa di seluruh dunia tergolong tinggi, dan fenomena ini dapat dipengaruhi tingkat pendidikan dan kemampuan memperoleh informasi kesehatan pada kelompok mahasiswa.. Penelitian ini berfokus pada gambaran pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku swamedikasi serta melihat ada tidaknya hubungan antara pengetahuan terhadap sikap dan perilaku swamedikasi serta hubungan antara sikap terhadap perilaku swamedikasi di kalangan mahasiswa Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas, serta didistribusikan melalui google form. Dilakukan analisis deskriptif untuk menggambarkan karakteristik pengetahuan, sikap dan sindakan mahasiswa serta uji korelasi non parametrik. Tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa farmasi di Universitas X masuk dalam kategori baik (59,6%), mahatiswa farmasi menunjukkan sikap yang positif terhadap swamedikasi (94,2%) dengan perilaku swamedikasi yang rasional (94,2%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa farmasi terhadap swamedikasi, serta antara sikap dan perilaku swamedikasi mahasiswa. Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku swamedikasi yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa farmasi.

Self-medication practices are globally more commonly observed in developing countries than in developed countries. Several factors, such as urgency, lack of time, long distances from home to healthcare facilities, and the ease of access to medicines, contribute to individuals engaging in self-medication. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported that the prevalence of self-medication among university students worldwide is relatively high, and this phenomenon may be influenced by educational level and the ability to access health-related information among students. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to self-medication and to examine the relationships between knowledge and attitudes, knowledge and practices, as well as attitudes and practices of self-medication among university students. This research employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach, using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability and distributed via Google Forms. Descriptive analysis was conducted to characterize students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices, along with non-parametric correlation tests. The level of knowledge among pharmacy students at University X was categorized as good (59.6%). Pharmacy students demonstrated positive attitudes toward self-medication (94.2%) and rational self-medication practices (94.2%). A significant relationship was found between students’ level of knowledge and attitudes toward self-medication, as well as between attitudes and practices. However, no significant relationship was found between the level of knowledge and self-medication practices among students.