Antibacterial Activity of Extract and Fraction of Gelinggang (Cassia alata) Leaves Against Propionibacterium acnes Bacteria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v15i1.2206Keywords:
Antibacterial, Fractionation, Gelinggang Leaves, Propionibacterium acnes, Senna alataAbstract
Gelinggang leaves (Senna alata (L.) Roxb.) have traditionally been used to treat skin diseases such as itching, ringworm, scabies, tinea versicolor, and acne. One of the main bacteria involved in acne pathogenesis is Propionibacterium acnes. Previous studies reported strong antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of gelinggang leaves; however, comparative data between ethanol extract and its fractions remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the 96% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of gelinggang leaves against Propionibacterium acnes. This experimental laboratory research used the disk diffusion method at concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15%. Clindamycin 1% served as a positive control, while DMSO was used as a negative control. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify secondary metabolites. Results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, whereas the n-hexane fraction contained only tannins. The highest antibacterial activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction with an inhibition zone of 6.65±0.69 mm, followed by the ethanol extract (5.87±0.31 mm) and the n-hexane fraction (3.69±0.47 mm) at 15% concentration. Based on inhibition classification, the ethyl acetate fraction showed moderate antibacterial activity. These findings indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction has potential as a natural antibacterial agent against Propionibacterium acnes due to its ability to extract semi-polar active compounds
Downloads
References
Abidin, R. J., Rina, R. M., & Teti, S. 2021. Pengaruh Rasio Daun Dan Buah Belimbing Wuluh terhadap Kapasitas Antioksidan, Kadar Tanin dan Sifat Fisik Minuman Fungsional Jamu Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi, L.). Jurnal Inovasi Teknik dan Edukasi Teknologi, 1(3), 214-215.
Afifi, R., Euis, E., & Jeti, R. 2018. Uji Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh terhadap Zona Hambat Bakteri Jerawat Propionibacterium acnes Secara In Vitro. Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi, 10(1), 11-12.
Dewi, W. I. 2019. Etnofarmakologi Khasiat Daun Gelinggang dan Bedak Dingin untuk Mencegah dan Mengobati Jerawat dalam Masyarakat Suku Dayak Siang. Skripsi Program Sarjana, IAIN Palangka Raya.
Eloff, J. N. 2019. Avoiding pitfalls in determining antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and publishing the results. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19(106), 3-8.
Fitriani, I. R., Fitriana, & Siska, N. 2023. Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketepeng Cina Terhadap Beberapa Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Kulit. Makassar Natural Product Journal, 1(4), 22-28.
Kulla, P. D., Syamsul, Q., Zulwanis, & Rulia, M. 2023. Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Gram Positif Staphylococcus aureus. Journal Of Healthcare Technology and Medicine, 9(1), 593-602.
Lathifah, Q. A., Dayu, D., Turista, R., & Puspitasari, E. 2021. Uji Antibakteri Ketepeng Cina terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aerugenosa, dan Klebsiella pneumonia. Jurnal Analisis Kesehatan, 10(1), 29-34.
Mailuhu, M., Max, R. J., & Harry, S. J. 2017. Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC). Chem. Prog, 10(1), 3-7.
Makalalag, A. K., Meiske, S., & Maureen, K. 2011. Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Dari Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora Pers). Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri, 40-41.
Nurlansi, & Jahidin. 2018. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Ketepeng Cina. Indonesia Natural Research Pharmaceutical Journal, 2(2), 14-17.
Oktavia, K. N., Fika, A., & Herman. 2021. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences (pp. 14, 160-165). Samarinda: Repository Universitas Mulawarman.
Palen, S., Adeanne, W., & Gayatri, C. 2016. Formulasi Sediaan Gel Antijerawat Minyak Atsiri Kulit Batang Kayu Manis dan Uji Aktivitas Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmacon: Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi - UNISRAT, 5(4), 136-144.
Pinkaningtyas, I. G. 2020. Senyawa Triterpenoid dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Gelinggang (Senna alata L. Roxb). Skripsi Program Sarjana, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam: Universitas Andalas
Sari, R. M., Elsyana, V., & Ulfa, A. 2023. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Kulit Pisang Cavensidh (Musa acuminata L.) terhadap Propionibacterium acnes. Jurnal Farmasi Malahayati, 6(1), 26-40.
Tatsimo, S, J, N., Jean-de-dieu, T., Virginie, T, T., Marc, L., Prodipta, S., Prasanta, K, B., & Michael, S. 2017. Antibacterial-guided Isolation of Constituents From Senna alata Leaves With a Particular Reference Againts Multi-Drug Resistant Vibrio cholerae and Shigella flexneri. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 11(1), 49-51.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 herlina Ekapratama, Fildayanti Fildayanti, Rika Melati Rika Melati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
